In Itan's dispute resolution process, what happens if informal discussions and negotiations are unsuccessful?
Itan Franchise · 2025 FDDAnswer from 2025 FDD Document
- 22.1. Negotiation and Mediation. Except as otherwise provided below with respect to Excluded Claims, the parties shall attempt in good faith to resolve any Dispute through informal discussions and negotiations. If these efforts are unsuccessful, either party may submit the Dispute to mediation before a mutually-agreeable mediator prior to litigation. All negotiations and mediation proceedings (including all discovery conducted therein and statements and settlement offers made by either party or the mediator in connection with the mediation): (a) shall be strictly confidential; (b) shall constitute "settlement negotiations" for purposes of federal and state rules of evidence; and (c) shall not be admissible or otherwise used for any purpose in any court or arbitration proceeding (except evidence that would otherwise be discoverable or admissible shall not be excluded from discovery or made inadmissible simply because of its use in mediation). The mediator may not be called as a witness for any purpose in any court proceeding. Any Dispute involving Claims alleging a breach of §14, §17 and/or §21 (referred to as "Excluded Claims") is not subject to mandatory negotiation or mediation unless both parties agree otherwise.
- 22.2. Litigation. If a Dispute either (a) is not successfully resolved by mediation within 60 days after a party makes a demand for mediation or (b) involves an Excluded Claim, then either party may file a lawsuit in any state or federal court of general jurisdiction in accordance with the choice of venue provision below. The parties hereby express their clear and unequivocal intent that a court, rather
- than a mediator, has exclusive jurisdiction to decide the threshold issue of whether a Dispute involves an Excluded Claim (i.e., whether any Claim alleges a breach of §14, §17 or §21).
- 22.3. Venue. All mediation and litigation shall take place in the county in which we maintain our principal place of business at the time the Dispute arises (currently, San Diego County, California). The parties irrevocably waive any objection to such venue and consent to the jurisdiction of such courts.
- 22.4. Attorney's Fees & Costs. If a Dispute is resolved through a judicial proceeding, the substantially prevailing party is entitled to reimbursement of its costs and expenses, including reasonable accounting and legal fees and court costs. In addition, if you or an Owner breach any term of a Definitive Agreement, you must reimburse us for all reasonable legal fees and other expenses we incur as a result of the breach, regardless of whether the breach is cured prior to commencement of formal dispute resolution proceedings.
Source: Item 23 — RECEIPT (FDD pages 44–190)
What This Means (2025 FDD)
According to Itan's 2025 Franchise Disclosure Document, if informal discussions and negotiations do not successfully resolve a dispute, either party has the option to submit the dispute to mediation before a mutually agreeable mediator, prior to initiating litigation. However, claims alleging a breach of §14, §17 and/or §21, termed "Excluded Claims," are not subject to mandatory negotiation or mediation unless both parties agree otherwise.
If mediation is unsuccessful within 60 days after a party demands it, or if the dispute involves an Excluded Claim, either party can file a lawsuit in a state or federal court of general jurisdiction. Itan specifies that the court, rather than a mediator, has exclusive jurisdiction to decide whether a dispute involves an Excluded Claim.
All mediation and litigation must occur in the county where Itan maintains its principal place of business, which is currently San Diego County, California. The parties involved waive any objection to this venue and consent to the jurisdiction of these courts. If a dispute is resolved through a judicial proceeding, the substantially prevailing party is entitled to reimbursement of costs and expenses, including reasonable accounting and legal fees and court costs.