Is the grant of a lien considered a transfer of a Cordova franchise?
Cordova Franchise · 2025 FDDAnswer from 2025 FDD Document
| i. | Franchisee's obligations on termination/non-renewal | 6, 17 | You must: pay all sums that you owe to us under the Franchise Agreement and all other agreements with us; cease owning and operating the Franchised Business; cease representing yourself as a franchisee of ours; permanently cease using and/or accessing the System, the Licensed Marks, our confidential information, the Manuals, the Business Management System, the Business Management System Data, and the System Supplies; return the Manuals and all confidential information to us in the original form provided to you and document the destruction of all electronic files related to same; completely de-identify the location and/or facility associated with the Franchised Business; as requested by us, transfer to us all data, telephone listings, digital media, accounts, web listings and websites associated with the Franchised Business; and abide by the post-termination non competition covenants and restrictions. |
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| j. | Assignment of the contract by franchisor | 14.A. | No restriction on our right to assign. |
| k. | "Transfer" by franchisee definition | 14.B. | A transfer means and includes, whether voluntary or involuntary, conditional or unconditional, direct or indirect: (a) an assignment, sale, gift, transfer, pledge or sub-franchise; (b) the grant of a mortgage, charge, lien or security interest, including, without limitation, the grant of a collateral assignment; (c) a merger, consolidation, exchange of shares or other ownership interests, issuance of additional ownership interests or securities representing or potentially representing ownership interests, or redemption of ownership interests; and (d) a sale or exchange of voting interests or securities convertible to voting interests, or an agreement granting the right to exercise or control the exercise of the voting rights of any holder of ownership interests or to control the operations or affairs of Franchisee. |
| l. | Franchisor's approval of transfer by franchisee | 14.B. | Transfers require our prior written consent, which may be granted or withheld in our discretion. |
| m. | Conditions for franchisor's approval of transfer | 14.C. | For approval of your transfer, you must provide us with 30 days prior written notice of the proposed transfer; you and your Owners must not have defaulted in your obligations under the Franchise Agreement and all other agreements with us; you and your Owners must be in compliance with your obligations under the Franchise Agreement and all other agreements with us; the transferee must agree to be bound by all of the terms and provisions of the Franchise Agreement; the transferee's owners and their spouses must personally guarantee all of the terms and provisions of the Franchise Agreement; you and your Owners and their spouses must sign a general release in favor of us; the transfer must provide for the assignment and/or ownership of the approved location for the Franchised Business, and the transferee's continued use and occupancy of such location throughout the term of the Franchise Agreement; the assets of the Franchised Business must be transferred to the transferee; |
Source: Item 17 — RENEWAL, TERMINATION, TRANSFER AND DISPUTE RESOLUTION (FDD pages 33–37)
What This Means (2025 FDD)
According to Cordova's 2025 Franchise Disclosure Document, the grant of a lien is considered a transfer. The FDD defines 'transfer' broadly, encompassing various scenarios that alter ownership or control of the franchise. This definition is important because Cordova requires prior written consent for any transfer, which Cordova may grant or withhold at its discretion.
Specifically, the definition of 'transfer' includes not only direct assignments, sales, or gifts, but also indirect methods such as the grant of a mortgage, charge, lien, or security interest. This also extends to actions like mergers, consolidations, exchanges of shares, issuance of additional ownership interests, or redemption of existing interests. Even the sale or exchange of voting interests, or agreements that grant control over voting rights, fall under this definition.
For a prospective Cordova franchisee, this means that any action that could be construed as a change in ownership or control—even something as seemingly straightforward as securing a loan using the franchise as collateral—requires Cordova's explicit approval. Failing to obtain this approval could result in a breach of the franchise agreement and potential termination of the franchise. Cordova also has the right of first refusal to match any offer to purchase your Cordova Business or the Corporate Entity operating your Cordova Business.
This level of control is not uncommon in franchising, as franchisors seek to maintain brand consistency and protect their investment. However, it's crucial for franchisees to understand the full scope of what constitutes a transfer and the potential implications for their business operations and financing options.